AC-joint dislocation
What is AC-joint dislocation?
An AC-joint dislocation is an injury to the ligaments that stabilise the joint between the collarbone and the shoulder blade. It commonly follows a fall onto the point of the shoulder during cycling, football, skiing, rugby or other contact sports.
Common symptoms
Patients usually notice pain at the top of the shoulder, swelling, bruising and a visible step or bump. Lifting the arm, carrying weight, sleeping on the shoulder and cross-body movements are often painful.
Diagnosis and imaging
Diagnosis is made with examination and X-rays, often comparing both sides. The injury is graded according to the amount of displacement and ligament disruption. CT or MRI may be used when the pattern is complex or when associated injuries are suspected.
Non-surgical treatment
Lower-grade injuries are commonly treated with a sling, pain control and staged rehabilitation. The focus is to regain comfortable motion, then rebuild shoulder strength, scapular control and confidence for work or sport.
Surgical treatment
Surgery is considered for higher-grade injuries, marked displacement, persistent pain, functional instability or high-demand patients. Reconstruction aims to restore the alignment and stability of the clavicle relative to the shoulder blade.
Recovery and follow-up
Non-surgical recovery often progresses over weeks, while surgery requires protection early followed by structured rehabilitation. Return to contact sport or heavy manual work is delayed until healing, strength and control are reliable.
AC-joint dislocation FAQs
Will the bump go away without surgery?
The bump may become less prominent but often remains visible. The decision for surgery is based more on pain, function, displacement and patient demand than appearance alone.
How is ac-joint dislocation diagnosed?
Diagnosis starts with a focused history and examination, then uses imaging selectively to confirm the pattern of injury, exclude related problems and plan treatment accurately.
Can an AC-joint dislocation be treated late?
Yes, but delayed reconstruction can be more complex. Early assessment helps determine whether non-surgical care is suitable or whether reconstruction should be considered.
Will I need surgery for ac-joint dislocation?
Many patients improve without surgery. Surgery is considered when symptoms remain limiting despite appropriate non-surgical care, when there is significant structural damage, or when delay may compromise function.
When can I return to contact sport or heavy work?
Return depends on the diagnosis, treatment type, tissue healing and the physical demands of the activity. The plan is usually staged, with strength, range of motion and confidence rebuilt before unrestricted loading.
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